Economy Characteristics

Doing Business uses a number of variables to characterize a country. Among them:

Gross national income (GNI) per capita
Doing Business 2010 reports 2008 income per capita as published in the World Bank’s World Development Indicators 2009. Income is calculated using the Atlas method (current US$). For cost indicators expressed as a percentage of income per capita, 2008 GNI in local currency units is used as the denominator. GNI data were not available from the World Bank for Afghanistan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Brunei Darussalam, Cyprus, Guinea, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Kosovo, Kuwait, Mauritania, Oman, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan (China), the United Arab Emirates and Zimbabwe. In these cases GDP or GNP per capita data and growth rates from the International Monetary Fund’s World Economic Outlook database and the Economist Intelligence Unit were used.

Region and income group
Doing Business uses the World Bank regional and income group classifications, available at http://www.worldbank.org/data/countryclass.

Population
Doing Business 2010 reports midyear 2008 population statistics as published in World Development Indicators 2009.

Additional development data and statistics are available from the World Bank. For main Doing Business indicators by economy, click on the economy name. Click excel version for a copy of the data in Microsoft Excel.

Region or Economy	Region	Income category	GNI per capita (US$)	Population
East Asia & Pacific	..	..	7,226	..
Eastern Europe & Central Asia	..	..	7,382.5	..
Latin America & Caribbean	..	..	6,548.9	..
Middle East & North Africa	..	..	16,784.9	..
OECD	..	..	42,035.6	..
South Asia	..	..	1,338.3	..
Sub-Saharan Africa	..	..	1,879.1	..
Afghanistan	South Asia	Low income	428.6	27,208,325
Albania	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income	3,835.8	3,143,291
Algeria	Middle East & North Africa	Upper middle income	4,259.5	34,361,756
Angola	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	3,446.8	18,020,668
Antigua and Barbuda	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	13,616.9	85,536
Argentina	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	7,201.3	39,876,117
Armenia	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income	3,354.0	3,077,087
Australia	OECD	High income	40,350.9	21,374,000
Austria	OECD	High income	46,264.2	8,344,319
Azerbaijan	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income	3,829.0	8,678,851
Bahamas, the	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	22,906.6	335,047
Bahrain	Middle East & North Africa	High income	27,247.8	766,925
Bangladesh	South Asia	Low income	516.1	160,000,128
Belarus	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	5,383.6	9,680,600
Belgium	OECD	High income	44,326.4	10,703,957
Belize	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income	3,818.7	310,519
Benin	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	687.0	8,662,086
Bhutan	South Asia	Lower middle income	1,896.0	686,789
Bolivia	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income	1,456.6	9,684,093
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	4,505.9	3,773,100
Botswana	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income	6,471.2	1,904,991
Brazil	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	7,351.2	191,971,506
Brunei Darussalam	East Asia & Pacific	High income	37,053.0	396,691
Bulgaria	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	5,487.1	7,623,395
Burkina Faso	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	478.5	15,208,585
Burundi	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	135.2	8,074,254
Cambodia	East Asia & Pacific	Low income	602.7	14,699,884
Cameroon	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	1,152.5	18,897,956
Canada	OECD	High income	41,728.7	33,311,389
Cape Verde	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	3,131.1	498,672
Central African Republic	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	407.8	4,423,452
Chad	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	534.5	11,067,437
Chile	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	9,396.0	16,758,114
China	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income	2,774.9	1,325,639,981
Colombia	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	4,657.7	44,534,000
Comoros	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	751.3	643,571
Congo, Dem. Rep.	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	153.3	64,205,366
Congo, Rep.	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	1,973.4	3,615,152
Costa Rica	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	6,063.5	4,526,529
Côte d'Ivoire	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	983.7	20,591,302
Croatia	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	High income	13,574.4	4,434,189
Cyprus	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	High income	24,940	863,624
Czech Republic	OECD	High income	16,605.0	10,427,869
Denmark	OECD	High income	59,128.5	5,497,525
Djibouti	Middle East & North Africa	Lower middle income	1,157.6	847,732
Dominica	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	4,767.0	73,193
Dominican Republic	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	4,391.9	9,837,747
Ecuador	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income	3,643.2	13,478,599
Egypt, Arab Rep.	Middle East & North Africa	Lower middle income	1,801.2	81,527,172
El Salvador	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income	3,482.4	6,133,910
Equatorial Guinea	Sub-Saharan Africa	High income	14,979.9	659,197
Eritrea	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	298.6	4,996,203
Estonia	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	High income	14,270.0	1,340,638
Ethiopia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	281.8	80,713,434
Fiji	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income	3,934.1	838,723
Finland	OECD	High income	48,124.9	5,312,800
France	OECD	High income	43,549.5	62,048,473
Gabon	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income	7,243.4	1,448,159
Gambia, the	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	393.3	1,660,200
Georgia	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income	2,471.9	4,364,460
Germany	OECD	High income	42,435.8	82,140,043
Ghana	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	674.3	23,350,927
Greece	OECD	High income	28,649.9	11,238,162
Grenada	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	5,708.6	105,552
Guatemala	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income	2,678.7	13,675,713
Guinea	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	441.8	9,833,055
Guinea-Bissau	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	245.2	1,575,446
Guyana	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income	1,415.6	763,437
Haiti	Latin America & Caribbean	Low income	660.9	9,780,064
Honduras	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income	1,798.9	7,241,503
Hong Kong, China	East Asia & Pacific	High income	31,422.3	6,977,700
Hungary	OECD	High income	12,809.8	10,037,637
Iceland	OECD	High income	40,074.0	316,960
India	South Asia	Lower middle income	1,066.2	1,139,964,931
Indonesia	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income	2,007.3	228,248,538
Iran, Islamic Rep.	Middle East & North Africa	Lower middle income	4,732.0	71,956,321
Iraq	Middle East & North Africa	Lower middle income	2,814.9	30,096,252
Ireland	OECD	High income	49,592.0	4,459,547
Israel	Middle East & North Africa	High income	24,698.5	7,308,100
Italy	OECD	High income	35,236.5	59,854,860
Jamaica	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	4,870.6	2,689,133
Japan	OECD	High income	38,206.9	127,704,000
Jordan	Middle East & North Africa	Lower middle income	3,306.1	5,906,042
Kazakhstan	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	6,139.8	15,674,833
Kenya	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	766.6	38,534,087
Kiribati	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income	1,995.1	96,557
Korea, Rep.	OECD	High income	21,525.4	48,607,000
Kosovo	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income	1,800	2,126,708
Kuwait	Middle East & North Africa	High income	45,920.3	2,728,040
Kyrgyz Republic	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Low income	741.0	5,305,896
Lao PDR	East Asia & Pacific	Low income	753.3	6,205,341
Latvia	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	11,863.6	2,266,013
Lebanon	Middle East & North Africa	Upper middle income	6,353.0	4,139,280
Lesotho	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	1,080.2	2,016,823
Liberia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	167.2	3,793,400
Lithuania	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	11,870.6	3,358,371
Luxembourg	OECD	High income	84,892.0	487,751
Macedonia, FYR	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	4,138.2	2,037,687
Madagascar	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	406.3	19,110,941
Malawi	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	287.6	14,278,404
Malaysia	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income	6,967.1	26,992,576
Maldives	South Asia	Lower middle income	3,626.4	310,473
Mali	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	579.0	12,711,139
Marshall Islands	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income	3,272.6	59,667
Mauritania	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	906.2	3,200,288
Mauritius	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income	6,401.0	1,268,835
Mexico	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	9,980.6	106,350,433
Micronesia, Fed. Sts.	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income	2,338.4	111,306
Moldova	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income	1,469.1	3,633,369
Mongolia	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income	1,675.6	2,632,386
Montenegro	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	6,439.9	622,344
Morocco	Middle East & North Africa	Lower middle income	2,579.1	31,228,981
Mozambique	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	372.8	21,780,614
Namibia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income	4,200.3	2,114,160
Nepal	South Asia	Low income	403.6	28,581,686
Netherlands	OECD	High income	50,150.4	16,443,269
New Zealand	OECD	High income	27,935.5	4,268,600
Nicaragua	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income	1,078.9	5,677,771
Niger	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	328.8	14,668,742
Nigeria	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	1,160.6	151,319,499
Norway	OECD	High income	87,067.5	4,769,274
Oman	Middle East & North Africa	High income	18,987.8	2,785,361
Pakistan	South Asia	Lower middle income	981.3	166,036,895
Palau	East Asia & Pacific	Upper middle income	8,645.7	20,278
Panama	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	6,178.3	3,394,528
Papua New Guinea	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income	1,009.3	6,448,918
Paraguay	Latin America & Caribbean	Lower middle income	2,180.0	6,226,806
Peru	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	3,986.6	28,836,700
Philippines	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income	1,886.1	90,348,437
Poland	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	11,883.5	38,122,972
Portugal	OECD	High income	20,556.4	10,624,688
Puerto Rico	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	15,629.6	3,954,037
Qatar	Middle East & North Africa	High income	93,204.1	1,280,862
Romania	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	7,928.3	21,512,646
Russian Federation	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	9,622.5	141,800,000
Rwanda	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	406.9	9,720,694
Samoa	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income	2,777.8	181,528
São Tomé and Principe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	1,020.3	160,953
Saudi Arabia	Middle East & North Africa	High income	19,345.3	24,645,685
Senegal	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	968.4	12,211,181
Serbia	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	5,705.0	7,349,487
Seychelles	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income	10,291.6	86,334
Sierra Leone	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	321.0	5,559,853
Singapore	East Asia & Pacific	High income	34,761.9	4,839,400
Slovak Republic	OECD	High income	14,540.6	5,406,030
Slovenia	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	High income	24,013.4	2,039,400
Solomon Islands	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income	1,179.6	506,967
South Africa	Sub-Saharan Africa	Upper middle income	5,819.0	48,687,000
Spain	OECD	High income	31,962.8	45,568,152
Sri Lanka	South Asia	Lower middle income	1,788.5	20,047,263
St. Kitts and Nevis	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	10,961.4	49,189
St. Lucia	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	5,530.4	169,960
St. Vincent and the Grenadines	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	5,141.3	109,117
Sudan	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	1,125.1	41,347,723
Suriname	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	4,990.0	515,124
Swaziland	Sub-Saharan Africa	Lower middle income	2,521.6	1,167,834
Sweden	OECD	High income	50,942.9	9,220,986
Switzerland	OECD	High income	65,333.5	7,630,605
Syrian Arab Republic	Middle East & North Africa	Lower middle income	2,093.5	21,226,920
Taiwan, China	East Asia & Pacific	High income	17,273.1	22,700,000
Tajikistan	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Low income	596.0	6,836,083
Tanzania	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	431.9	42,483,923
Thailand	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income	2,844.0	67,386,383
Timor-Leste	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income	2,464.0	1,098,386
Togo	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	403.7	6,458,605
Tonga	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income	2,561.3	103,566
Trinidad and Tobago	Latin America & Caribbean	High income	16,538.3	1,337,683
Tunisia	Middle East & North Africa	Lower middle income	3,291.9	10,327,800
Turkey	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Upper middle income	9,344.7	73,914,260
Uganda	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	418.7	31,656,865
Ukraine	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Lower middle income	3,213.3	46,258,200
United Arab Emirates	Middle East & North Africa	High income	54,606.5	4,484,198
United Kingdom	OECD	High income	45,394.1	61,399,118
United States	OECD	High income	47,576.5	304,060,000
Uruguay	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	8,259.0	3,334,052
Uzbekistan	Eastern Europe & Central Asia	Low income	905.7	27,313,700
Vanuatu	East Asia & Pacific	Lower middle income	2,332.0	231,142
Venezuela, R.B.	Latin America & Caribbean	Upper middle income	9,225.6	27,943,249
Vietnam	East Asia & Pacific	Low income	892.4	86,322,841
West Bank and Gaza	Middle East & North Africa	Lower middle income	1,564	3,837,956
Yemen, Rep.	Middle East & North Africa	Low income	950.0	23,053,461
Zambia	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	949.7	12,620,219
Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan Africa	Low income	237.3	12,462,879

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Economy Characteristics