Hungary

Getting Credit in

Hungary

Below is a detailed summary of two sets of issues—credit information registries and the effectiveness of collateral and bankruptcy laws in facilitating lending.

This information was collected as part of the Doing Business project, which measures and compares regulations relevant to the life cycle of a small- to medium-sized domestic business in 185 economies. The most recent round of data collection was completed in June 2012.

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Depth of credit information index (0-6) Private credit bureau Public credit registry Score
Are data on both firms and individuals distributed? Yes No 1
Are both positive and negative data distributed? Yes No 1
Does the registry distribute credit information from retailers, trade creditors or utility companies as well as financial institutions? No No 0
Are more than 2 years of historical credit information distributed? No No 0
Is data on all loans below 1% of income per capita distributed? Yes No 1
Is it guaranteed by law that borrowers can inspect their data in the largest credit registry? Yes No 1
Score ("yes" to either public bureau or private registry) 4
Strength of legal rights index (0-10)
Can any business use movable assets as collateral while keeping possession of the assets; and any financial institution accept such assets as collateral ? Yes
Does the law allow businesses to grant a non possessory security right in a single category of movable assets, without requiring a specific description of collateral? No
Does the law allow businesses to grant a non possessory security right in substantially all of its assets, without requiring a specific description of collateral? Yes
May a security right extend to future or after-acquired assets, and may it extend automatically to the products, proceeds or replacements of the original assets ? No
Is a general description of debts and obligations permitted in collateral agreements; can all types of debts and obligations be secured between parties; and can the collateral agreement include a maximum amount for which the assets are encumbered? Yes
Is a collateral registry in operation, that is unified geographically and by asset type, with an electronic database indexed by debtor's names? Yes
Are secured creditors paid first (i.e. before general tax claims and employee claims) when a debtor defaults outside an insolvency procedure? Yes
Are secured creditors paid first (i.e. before general tax claims and employee claims) when a business is liquidated? Yes
Are secured creditors either not subject to an automatic stay on enforcement when a debtor enters a court-supervised reorganization procedure, or does the law provides secured creditors with grounds for relief from an automatic stay or sets a time limit to it? No
Does the law allow parties to agree in a collateral agreement that the lender may enforce its security right out of court, at the time a security interest is created? Yes
Score (number of "yes" responses) 7
Coverage Private credit bureau Public credit registry
Number of individuals910,0000
Number of firms171,0000
Percent of total 15.8 0.0
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