Construction, Corruption, and Developing Countries
Author(s):
Charles Kenny
Journal:
World Bank, Policy, Research working paper ; no. WPS 4271, 2007Abstract:
The construction industry accounts for about one-third of gross capital formation. Governments have major roles as clients, regulators, and owners of construction companies. The industry is consistently ranked as one of the most corrupt: large payments to gain or alter contracts and circumvent regulations are common. The impact of corruption goes beyond bribe payments to poor quality construction of infrastructure with low economic returns alongside low funding for maintenance-and this is where the major impact of corruption is felt. Regulation of the sector is necessary, but simplicity, transparency, enforcement, and a focus on the outcomes of poor construction are likely to have a larger impact than voluminous but poorly enforced regulation of the construction process. Where government is the client, attempts to counter corruption need to begin at the level of planning and budgeting. Output-based and community-driven approaches show some promise as tools to reduce corruption. At the same time they will need to be complimented by a range of other interventions including publication of procurement documents, independent and community oversight, physical audit, and public-private anticorruption partnerships.
Construction Risk Management
Author(s):
Roozbeh Kangari
Journal:
Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems, Volume 5, Issue 3 September 1988 , pages 114 - 120Abstract:
Today's construction industry involves more dynamic and uncertain planning than ever before. To approach complex problems in construction management, decision-makers should follow a systematic and professional approach in risk management. This paper explores the application of knowledge-base and database systems, and fuzzy sets in construction risk management. An integrated knowledge system is presented.